中文
EnglishThe fireproof glass door tells the factory how to prevent fire and how to avoid fire
Warning example I
At 4:32 on October 18, the command center of Dongguan Fire detachment received an alarm that a fire broke out in a plant located in Xinwei village, Houjie Town, Dongguan. The command center immediately dispatched 23 fire engines and 88 commanders and soldiers from Houjie, Humen, Dalingshan, Nancheng, Shatin, Chang'an, Daojiao, wanjiang, special service, war protection and other brigades to the scene for disposal.
The fire was built as a three story workshop with reinforced concrete structure, and the fire site was the second floor product warehouse. The building covers an area of 1000 square meters, a construction area of 3000 square meters, and a burned area of about 380 square meters. The materials to be burned are disposable lunch box products, plastic raw materials, etc. There were no casualties on site.
The cause of the fire is still under investigation.
Warning case II
The official microblog of the Information Office of Fujian Nan'an Municipal People's government announced that at 2:31 on October 20, the Fire Rescue Department of Nan'an City received the alarm, and a fire broke out in Qiuhong sanitary ware factory on Meilin street. After receiving the report, Nanan municipal Party committee and government immediately arranged relevant departments to carry out rescue and personnel treatment operations, and the open fire was extinguished at about 4 o'clock. The fire killed 4 people and sent 3 injured to hospital for treatment. The fire was built on 7 floors, which is a steel-concrete structure. The fire floor is the fifth floor, with an area of about 300 square meters.
Enquiries about the aftermath and the cause of the incident are ongoing.
How should the factory prepare for fire?
I. implement fire control responsibilities and strengthen fire control handling
1. Improve the fire management arrangement, confirm the responsible persons at all levels, formulate and improve the fire rules and regulations, increase the fire investment, strengthen the daily fire management, clean up the fire violations and rectify the fire risks.
2. Draw up the fire-fighting operation plan, carry out the monthly fire-fighting inspection, strengthen the daily fire-fighting inspection, confirm the key fire-fighting parts, clarify the inspection contents, and instruct the relevant workshop teams to correct the problems in time.
II. Strengthen fire protection publicity, education, training and drill
1. Carry out a training on fire fighting knowledge for the whole staff, including key training on post fire prevention technology, operating procedures, application methods of lifeguards and fire hydrants, scattered escape knowledge, basic fire laws, regulations and rules.
2. Arrange a fire drill among the whole staff to practice the rescue technology and arrange the scattered escape technology.
III. improve technical preventive measures
1. Analyze the fire risk of all parts and posts of the factory, find out the weak links, and formulate targeted preventive measures.
2. Check and improve the fire alarm system, automatic fire rescue system, fire signs and fire emergency lighting, fire truck access, emergency fire broadcasting and lifesaving devices to ensure there is no shortage.
IV. strengthen fire source supervision
1. Fireworks are prohibited in key parts of the factory, such as oil depot, gas cylinder station, gas station and boiler, and workers are not allowed to enter at will.
2. In the plant with high fire and explosion risk, open fire and welding and cutting operations shall be avoided as far as possible, and the repaired equipment or pipe section shall be disassembled to the address for maintenance. When it is necessary to carry out in-situ maintenance, it shall be carried out in accordance with the relevant rules of hot work, and the fire brigade shall be invited to carry out on-site monitoring when necessary.
3. When hot work is carried out near pipe trenches, sewer pits, dead corners, etc. where combustible gas or steam is accumulated, it shall be handled and inspected. When it is confirmed that there is no fire risk, hot work can be carried out according to the rules.
4. Stick to the post to avoid eye channeling and boiling pot leakage. At the same time, the refining equipment shall be set at the operation address and guarded by special personnel.
5. In places with fire and explosion risks, it is forbidden to bake frozen pipeline equipment with open fire, and steam and hot water should be used to remove the blockage.
6. It is forbidden to store and transport the substances that cause spontaneous combustion due to the reaction of mixed touch. For the articles that are easy to cause spontaneous combustion or heating due to water absorption, they should be used. The storage environment is boring. For the spontaneous combustion substances that simply oxidize and release heat violently in the air, they should be stored in a closed manner or immersed in appropriate neutral liquids (such as water, oil, etc.) and touched with the air.
7. All explosion-proof electrical equipment shall be used in flammable and explosive sites, and the maintenance of electrical equipment shall also be done well.
8. Operators in flammable and explosive places shall wear clothes, shoes and hats. It is forbidden to wear nail shoes and chemical fiber clothes. During operation, iron tools shall be strictly prevented from hitting the ground.
9. For places with fire and explosion risks with electrostatic sparks, improving the environmental humidity can effectively reduce the damage of static electricity.
10. The storage of combustibles shall have sufficient fire separation from the appearance of high-temperature appliances and equipment, and combustibles shall not be accumulated near the appearance of high-temperature.
11. Molten slag, slag and other high heat substances shall be disposed to avoid falling into combustibles.
12. Grasp the application method of rescue devices. The fire of alkali metal, metal carbide and oxide cannot be extinguished with water, because these substances will have violent chemical reaction after encountering water, produce a large amount of combustible gas and release a large amount of heat, so as to further expand the fire.
13. Do not use water to extinguish electrical fire, because water can conduct electricity and cause electric shock; Nor can we use water to extinguish oil fires lighter than water, because oil floats on the water surface, which simply spreads the fire.
14. Carefully analyze the parts of the factory where the fire source can occur, and take measures one by one to prevent it.
15. Pay special attention to the selection, quality and daily handling of wires and electrical supplies.
16. The use of open flame shall be approved, especially electrical welding, equipment maintenance, construction and decoration.
17. Check the places with simple sparks and combustible and explosive gases in production.
Lessons learned
The responsibility subject units of these incidents all have the scene of "the responsibility of the production subject is not implemented". All units (individual industrial and commercial households) shall strictly implement their main responsibilities in accordance with the requirements of the production law and the fire protection law to ensure their own.
Responsibility of production subject
Production operations should be people-oriented, adhere to the policy of development, listing, prevention and comprehensive management, strengthen and implement the main responsibilities of production and operation units, and establish a mechanism for production and operation units to serve, staff participation, government supervision, industry self-discipline and social supervision.
Production and operation units shall strictly abide by this Law and other laws and regulations related to production, strengthen production management, establish and improve production responsibility system and production rules and regulations, improve production conditions, promote standardized production construction, improve production level and ensure production.
The person in charge of the production and operation unit shall be responsible for the production operation of the unit.
Employees of production and operation units have the right to obtain production assurance according to law, and shall perform their duties in production according to law.
The production and operation units shall implement the national or industrial norms formulated according to law to ensure production.
Production and operation units shall meet the production conditions of this law, relevant decrees, administrative regulations, national norms or industrial norms and rules; Those who do not meet the production conditions shall not engage in production and operation activities.
The person in charge of the production and operation unit shall have the following responsibilities for the production operation of the unit:
(1) establish and improve the production responsibility system of the unit;
(2) to arrange the formulation of production rules, guidelines and operating procedures of the unit;
(3) to ensure the effective implementation of the production and input of the unit;
(IV) supervise and inspect the production operation of the unit, and clean up the production risk in time;
(5) arranging the formulation and implementation of the emergency rescue plan for production accidents of the unit;
(VI) timely and truthfully report production incidents.
(7) to arrange the formulation and implementation of the production education and training plan of the unit.
The production responsibility system of the production and operation unit shall specify the responsible personnel, responsibility scale and assessment norms of each post.
Production and operation units shall establish corresponding mechanisms, strengthen the supervision and assessment of the implementation of the production responsibility system, and ensure the implementation of the production responsibility system.
The capital investment necessary for the production conditions that the production and operation unit should have shall be ensured by the decision-making body of the production and operation unit, the person to be appointed or the investor of individual operation, and shall be responsible for the results caused by the lack of capital investment necessary for production.
Mining, metal smelting, construction, road transportation units and production, operation and storage units of risk goods shall set up production management institutions or equip full-time production management personnel.
If other production and operation units other than those specified in the preceding paragraph have more than 100 employees, they shall set up production management institutions or equip full-time production management personnel; If there are less than 100 employees, full-time or part-time production management personnel shall be equipped.
Corporate fire protection responsibilities
Fire fighting operation shall follow the policy of putting prevention first and combining prevention with elimination, implement the fire fighting responsibility system and establish and improve the socialized fire fighting operation network in accordance with the principles of government unity, department supervision according to law, unit responsibility and citizens' active participation.
Any unit or individual has the responsibility of maintaining fire fighting, maintaining fire fighting facilities, preparing for fire and reporting fire alarm. All units and adults have the responsibility to participate in arranged rescue operations.
Government organs, collectives, enterprises, work units and other units shall strengthen fire prevention publicity and education for their personnel.
The fire protection planning and construction of construction projects shall conform to the national technical specifications for fire protection of engineering construction. Construction, planning, construction, project supervision and other units shall be responsible for the fire protection planning and construction quality of the construction project according to law.
For construction projects that need fire protection planning according to the national technical code for fire protection of engineering construction, the examination and inspection criteria for fire protection planning of construction projects shall be implemented.
The competent department of housing and urban rural construction under the State Council shall apply to the competent department of housing and urban rural construction for fire control inspection after the completion of the construction project.
Organs, collectives, enterprises, work units and other units shall perform the following fire control duties:
(I) implement the fire control responsibility system, formulate the fire control guidelines and fire control operation procedures of the unit, and formulate the rescue and emergency dispersion plans;
(2) equip fire-fighting facilities and devices, set up fire-fighting signs, and regularly arrange inspection and repair in accordance with national and industrial specifications to ensure that there is no shortage and use;
(3) to test the fire-fighting facilities built at least once a year to ensure that they are free of defects and useful, and the test records shall be complete and filed for inspection;
(IV) ensure that the scattered passages, exits and fire truck passages are unblocked, and ensure that the fire and smoke prevention zones and fire prevention intervals comply with the technical specifications for fire protection;
(V) arrange fire prevention inspection and timely clean up fire risks;
(6) arrange targeted fire drills;
(7) other fire control duties as prescribed by laws, regulations and rules.
The key person of the unit is the person in charge of fire control of the unit.
Units that belong to key fire control units shall perform the following fire control duties:
(1) confirm the fire control manager and arrange the implementation of the fire control operation of the unit;
(II) set up fire fighting archives, confirm the key parts of fire fighting, set up fire prevention signs and implement strict handling;
(III) carry out daily fire inspection and establish inspection records;
(IV) carry out pre job fire-fighting training for employees, and regularly arrange fire-fighting training and fire fighting防演練。
修建構件、修建資料和室內裝修、裝飾資料的防火性能有要契合國家規范；沒有國家規范的，有要契合行業規范。
機關、集體、企業、工作等單位以及村民委員會、居民委員會根據需要，樹立志愿消防隊等多種形式的消防安排，展開群眾性自防自救作業。
任何人發現火災都應當當即報警。任何單位、個人都應當無償為報警提供便當，不得阻撓報警。禁止謊稱火警。
任何單位發作火災，有要當即安排力量撲救。附近單位應當給予援助。
文章源自：防火玻璃門 http://www.m.hzjunyuekj.cn/
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